6:05 pop OKOLJE

Plačali bodo za preureditev trate v pašnik za čebele in opraševalce

Zvezna država Minnesota je namenila skoraj milijon dolarjev spodbud za lastnike stanovanj, da svoje trate preuredijo v opraševalcem prijazne travnike s cvetočimi rožami, deteljo in travami za čebele in druge opraševalce. Hkrati država od državljanov zahteva, da nehajo škropiti s herbicidi, prenehajo s prepogosto košnjo trave, da bodo njihovi travniki ponovno prešli v bolj naravno stanje.

Opraševalci vse bolj odvisni od mestnega cvetja

Cilj je zagotoviti prehranske vire za opraševalce vseh vrst, vendar bo namenjen predvsem reševanju čmrlja, ki je na robu izumrtja. Raziskave so pokazale, da so čmrlji še posebej pomembni za regijo, saj vibrirajo s frekvenco, ki “odklepa” cvetni prah, ki ga druge žuželke ne morejo doseči. »Zaradi izgube domačih prerij in gozdov po vsej državi so opraševalci vse bolj odvisni od cvetov mestnih in primestnih trat, pravi James Wolfin, raziskovalec habitata čebel na Univerzi v Minnesoti.

Bela detelja bi deloma rešila težave

Cvetlice so odličen vir hrane za čebele, hkrati pa so poceni za sajenje in preproste za vzdrževanje. »Kilogram nizozemske bele detelje je približno 10 dolarjev in raste dovolj nizko, da ljudem sploh ne bi bilo treba spremeniti načina košnje trate,« pove Wolfin. Približno 55 od 350 vrst čebel v Minnesoti je odvisno samo od bele detelje. »Torej samo dejstvo, da bele detelje ne obravnavamo kot plevel in pustimo, da raste na dvorišču, zagotavlja resnično močan vir hrane za skoraj 20 % čebeljih vrst v državi,” pojasni raziskovalec z Univerze v Minnesoti.

Začetek programa spomladi 2020

Državljani, ki živijo v področjih čmrljev, so upravičeni do nepovratnih sredstev do 500 USD. Tisti državljani, ki živijo v območjih sekundarnega pomena za čebele, so upravičeni do 350 USD ter tisti v območju terciarnega pomena do 150 USD. Glede na to, da vreča 1 kg semen detelje stane le približno 10 USD in se širi “kot plevel”, bi moralo zadostovati, da travnike s svojo rastjo popestri detelja.

 

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