8:45 dop KMETIJSTVO-IN-GOZDARSTVO

Kakšni so konkretni učinki ohranitvenega kmetijstva?

Kakšni so konkretni učinki ohranitvenega kmetijstva

Dr. Rok Mihelič, s Katedre za pedologijo in varstvo okolja na Oddelku za agronomijo, je ohranitveno kmetijstvo predstavil skupaj s kmetom Brankom Majeričem, ki že vse od leta 2000 prakticira ohranitveno kmetijstvo na domači kmetiji.

Dr. Rok Mihelič je o razvoju znanja na področju ohranitvenega kmetijstva povedal: »V Sloveniji študiramo koncepte ohranitvenega kmetijstva in imamo že več kot dve desetletji trajajoče poljske poskuse. Poskuse izvajamo na različnih lokacijah in mnogi rezultati kažejo, da se tla izrazito izboljšajo, da se izkoristki hranil izboljšajo, da imamo več in večjo pestrost talnih organizmov, boljšo strukturno obstojnost tal, manj erozije prsti, manjše splakovanje hranil. Zaradi prej naštetega lahko sedaj kmetom dokaj suvereno svetujemo, da lahko gredo v tej smeri naprej in da je to prihodnost.«

Tona in pol nafte na hektar

Glede varovanja okolja z ohranitvenim kmetijstvom je dr. Rok Mihelič povedal: »Z ohranitvenim kmetijstvom poteka na površini, ki je nenehno pokrita z rastlinami vezava sončne energije v tla. V mesecu in pol lahko njiva, ki je po žetvi žit posejemo z mešanico rastlin, veže sončno energijo, ki je ekvivalentna toni in pol nafte na hektar.«

Zmanjšanje sproščanja CO2 v ozračje

Tudi Branko Majerič je opozoril na varovanje narave, ki ga omogoča ohranitveno kmetijstvo: »Pri ohranitvenem kmetijstvu je poleg ohranitve tal pomemben tudi podatek o zmanjšanju sproščanja CO2 v ozračje – z oranjem njive spustimo v zrak 1,6 t CO2/ha.« Dr. Rok Mihelič je o razvoju znanja na področju ohranitvenega kmetijstva povedal: »Ohranitveno kmetijstvo temelji na treh principih, en princip je, da v tla mehansko čim manj posegamo, lahko tudi nič, če bi znali. Drugi princip je, da so tla stalno pokrita, po možnostmi z živimi rastlinami, s čimer varujemo tla pred vremenskimi ekstremi in erozijo. Tretji princip pa je, da preko pestrega rastlinja, s pravilnim vrstenjem, vračamo energijo v zemljo ter prehranjujemo živi agro-eko sistem, organizme v tleh.«

 

Vir: Biotehniška fakulteta Ljubljana

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